40 studies

The whole body, one study at a time.

Every Surgeonring study in one place — organ guides covering anatomy, physiology, biology, and histology, and emergency guides covering the conditions where minutes decide the outcome.

Body systems

Ten systems, each a set of organs solving one problem together — and the map of which organ belongs where.

Cardiovascular system10 min read
The Cardiovascular System: Heart, Vessels and Circulation
One pump, two circuits, and 100,000 kilometres of tubing. How the cardiovascular system moves five litres of blood a minute, what sets blood pressure, and why the whole design is built around a single number.
Respiratory system10 min read
The Respiratory System: How Air Becomes Oxygen in the Blood
From nose to alveolus in about twenty-three branches. How breathing actually works, why the diaphragm does most of it, how gas crosses a membrane thinner than a soap film, and what controls the rate.
Digestive system10 min read
The Digestive System: From Mouth to Colon, Step by Step
A nine-metre tube, four accessory organs, and a surface area the size of a studio flat. What happens to food at each station, which organ contributes what, and why most absorption is finished before the colon.
Nervous system10 min read
The Nervous System: Central, Peripheral and Autonomic
Eighty-six billion neurons organised into a system that senses, decides and acts in milliseconds. How the central, peripheral and autonomic divisions fit together, and what each one actually controls.
Skeletal system9 min read
The Skeletal System: Bones, Joints and What They Do
206 bones doing five jobs at once — support, protection, movement, mineral storage and blood cell production. How the skeleton is organised, how bone stays alive, and why it is rebuilt continuously.
Muscular system10 min read
The Muscular System: How Movement Is Produced
Around 600 skeletal muscles, all pulling and never pushing. How a muscle produces graded force, why they work in opposing pairs, what makes one fibre fast and another slow, and where the energy comes from.
Endocrine system9 min read
The Endocrine System: Glands, Hormones and Feedback
Chemical messages carried in the blood, acting on cells that carry the right receptor. The major glands, how hormones signal, and why negative feedback explains almost every endocrine disease.
Urinary system10 min read
The Urinary System: Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder and Urethra
Two kidneys filter 180 litres a day and return more than 99 per cent of it. How the system is built, what it actually regulates beyond waste, and why the kidney is really a blood-pressure organ.
Lymphatic and immune systems9 min read
The Lymphatic System: Drainage, Immunity and Fluid Balance
A one-way drainage network with no pump, returning three litres of leaked fluid a day and filtering all of it through lymph nodes on the way. How it works, and why blocking it causes swelling that never resolves.
Reproductive system10 min read
The Reproductive System: Male and Female Anatomy Explained
The only body system that is not required for the individual to survive, and the only one that differs fundamentally between sexes. The organs, the hormones that drive them, and the cycle that ties it together.

Organ guides

Every major organ traced from its position in the body down to the cells that make it work.

Tissues and building blocks

The layer underneath the organs: the four basic tissues, the cells they are built from, and how to tell them apart on a slide.

Emergency medicine

The time-critical conditions: how to recognise them, why minutes change the outcome, and what to do before help arrives.